Fig. 15 A sniffer dog working while part of the runway is temporarily available for searching for RIFA. Fig. 16 A dog searches for RIFA under a container in a terminal yard. Fig. 17 Ants on a bait are photographed for FAIRS inspection. 147 Fig. 12 A detection dog pinpoints a RIFA nest. Fig. 13 Detection dogs show a high indication rate solely for RIFA (modified from Lin et al., 2011). The asterisks indicate significant differences between the non-RIFA species and RIFA. Fig. 14 A RIFA detection dog sniffs a tree prepared for transplanting. Technologies for fire ants control (Fig. 14), construction sites, airports (Fig. 15) and seaport terminals (Fig. 16) where trap methods cannot be performed, due to limited time for searching. They can also discover RIFA in sewers (Chi et al., 2021). This method can be used in conjunction with trap methods to locate nests by searching the area near traps that have captured RIFA for further single mounds for treatment. On the other hand, large-scale investigations have often been conducted adjacent to sites where possible breeding places of RIFA have been found. As the area searched increases, so does the number of bait traps, which further overwhelms the manpower for examining the ant species in the traps. It soon becomes difficult to maintain quality while completing the work. FAIRS was developed to distinguish RIFA from other kinds of ants, and has a true positive rate about 90 percent with regard to RIFA. Users can photograph the ants in the bait traps using a mobile phone or a camera (Fig. 17),
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